Over the last few months, I have received many questions about psilocybin, also known as “magic mushrooms,” a drug that seems to be constantly in the news. It turns out that much of the current research on psilocybin is conducted by my colleagues at the Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit at Johns Hopkins, led by an excellent researcher named Dr. Roland Griffiths. This group has already established a Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research.

What is psilocybin? Psilocybin is a hallucinogen or psychedelic drug. This means that it can alter a person’s mood, thoughts, and perceptions. Other examples of psychedelic drugs are LSD and mescaline. People who take psychedelics often report a profound mystical experience that transforms the way they think about their life and values. Psychedelic drugs are distinguished from what are called “dissociative” drugs like ketamine or PCP, which make people feel disconnected from their body or environment. The drug MDMA (known as “Ecstasy”) seems to have both psychedelic and dissociative properties.

As most people are well aware, the state of Maryland legalized recreational cannabis use on July 1, 2023. This new legislation means that adults (21 years or older) can purchase cannabis at licensed dispensaries, ingest cannabis in private settings, and even grow cannabis in their backyard. An excellent summary of this legislation can be found at: mmcc.maryland.gov.

I thought this would be a good opportunity to consider how this law might affect cannabis use in our state and possibly develop hypotheses based on the experience of other states that have already legalized recreational use.

As Elul moves closer, we start to prepare for our kids traveling to Israel to learn in yeshiva or seminary or to engage in other programs. At 18 or 19 years old, our kids are in late adolescence, a developmental period often marked by desires to explore new interests, take chances, challenge established values, and become more independent. For some kids, it is also a prime time for substance use.

We often think about risks for substance use increasing during times of transition, like moving from middle school to high school, or high school to college. Advancing from high school to full-time learning in Israel might also be considered a significant transition for some kids.

I have been reading your column for the past few months and appreciate your abundant information and wise insights on alcohol and drug abuse. Alcohol is an ancient drug, and we know – or are at least learning – about its dangers and how to deal with them. But now that marijuana has become legal, what are the hidden consequences? Do we have to be concerned about cannabis-laced brownies at a kiddush or wedding or on the Shabbos table? Will edibles become as common as sushi and as acceptable as a glass of wine or shot of whisky? Can a person unknowingly overdose on such edibles and become very sick? Finally, you wrote a lot last time about the effects of cannabis on teenagers. What about adults? Is there any difference in the symptoms or rates of addiction? How do adults react to cannabis, and how would it affect their parenting?

Dear Dr. Kidorf,

Recently, I was talking to my friend about the recent law making marijuana legal for 21-year-olds. She said, “So what? It’s not worse than alcohol. If we don’t outlaw alcohol, why should we outlaw marijuana?” To me, this is a ridiculous statement. As a parent of middle- and high-school-age children, I am very concerned about what this means for my children and the children of the community. As if alcohol were not bad enough, what’s to stop teens from using it? What’s to stop them from driving “drunk”? What about peer pressure, addiction, and the long-term consequences for their mental and brain health? It could even happen that small kids will consume marijuana unknowingly in the form of brownies, candy, or even pizza! The horrific possibilities just blow my mind. I even worry about my married children and their kids, who are dealing with marijuana smoke from someone else in their building.

I don’t even know how to start to process this change. I never thought that I would have to have this conversation with my kids. In summary, what should we parents be thinking about regarding this law and how should we talk to our children about it?

Dear Dr. Kidorf,

I have been reading your articles in the WWW with great interest. I am a bachur who is of legal drinking age. I went to a shul for Simchas Torah, where the rule was that everyone had to bring their own bottle of alcohol. Not only did people bring their own bottles, but they brought fancy stuff that cost, at a minimum, 50 dollars a bottle (and that’s the low end). In your previous articles, you mentioned the drop in IQ points for drinking under 25, and I don’t want to damage my brain. (I am rather proud of my IQ.) However, what am I supposed to do when I want to get together with my friends for all these occasions, such as weddings, and, actually, almost every Shabbos? I want to fit in and am not willing to be the odd guy out. I am having trouble bridging the points you have made in the past with “real life.” Any advice or insight would be appreciated.